Raising the minimum wage is a health issue, too

Study after study has linked higher income to better health.

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SOURCEThe Conversation

Congress just missed one of its best shots at improving health when the Senate failed to advance a bill that would have raised the minimum wage to US$15 an hour. Study after study has linked higher income to better health.

Consider that a well-paying job, by definition, increases household income. That, in turn, means increased access to good nutrition, heat and a safe environment. It also means adequate health care. With that job, you’ll likely make more visits to primary care doctors, dentists and specialists who work in preventive care.

An inadequate income does none of these things. Instead, it increases susceptibility to psychological stress, malaise, illness and disease. This is one reason those who move off welfare benefits and gain employment improve their well-being.

I am not an economist. But I am a physician and public health scientist. I can tell you that research shows that a well-paying job translates to a longer life. For example, researchers in 2016 found that the richest 1% of men in the U.S. lived 14.6 years longer on average than the poorest 1% of men.

A young man, cleaning tables at a coffee shop.
Being employed, even at a low-paying job, can improve your health and happiness. Halfpoint Images via Getty Images

Employment benefits

Numerous studies show employment is linked to self-esteem, purpose and identity. It provides relationships, social connections, social status and regular productive activity; a job is an integral part of a person’s identity. Its loss threatens that identity, which is why unemployment typically causes a decline in mental health. When compared with their employed counterparts, unemployed Americans are far more likely to receive a diagnosis of depression.

One study found that people with a disability who were employed were less likely to have frequent mental distress, including anxiety and depression, than those with a disability who were not employed (18% vs. 40%). This finding held up even when accounting for demographics and individual characteristics.

A possible solution

Many economists have long criticized unemployment benefits because of their negative impact on the willingness to work. The average unemployment benefit is $320 weekly; the amount varies by state. The American Rescue Plan, recently passed to provide economic aid to million of Americans hit hard by the pandemic, adds an additional $300 to unemployment benefits through Sept. 6.

Compare that to the current federal minimum wage: $7.25 an hour. That’s $290 for a 40-hour week, less than what unemployment benefits pay. That means, for millions of Americans, being employed means less income. With the federal supplement, 63% of workers currently make more on unemployment than they would with a minimum-wage job. Reduce the federal supplement to only $100 a week, and 25% of the workforce would still make more on unemployment.

Which raises the question: Why not increase the minimum wage – at least enough to make it more than unemployment benefits? That way, more people would be motivated to seek jobs.

That may not happen soon, if at all. President Biden’s plan to raise the federal minimum wage to $15 per hour was not a part of the $1.9 trillion COVID-19 aid package. And it’s true there’s a downside: Raising the minimum wage can reduce the number of jobs available. A Congressional Budget Office estimate on Biden’s proposal says the raise would lift 900,000 people out of poverty, but it would also kill 1.4 million jobs over four years.

A brief history of the minimum wage.

That said, people who are fit to work should be encouraged to seek, not shun, employment. With unemployment benefits more than the basic minimum wage in many states, we are sending the wrong message to millions. There’s more to a higher minimum wage than just more money. It also means more happiness, better health and a longer life.

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This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Dr. Utibe Effiong is a U.S. physician. Before his clinical appointment with MidMichigan Health, he was the Writer-in-Residence at the University of Michigan Risk Science Center. In that role, he ran Risk Without Borders, a unique blog that examined emerging risk issues through the lens of a developing economy. Dr. Effiong is a board-certified Internal Medicine physician and Public Health scientist. He holds the MBBCh degree from the College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, membership of the Nigerian National Postgraduate Medical College of Physicians, and the MPH degree from the University of Michigan. He undertook a second Internal Medicine residency at St. Mary Mercy Hospital. For his master’s degree, he concentrated on Environmental Health and Infectious Disease Epidemiology. He is also a New Voices Fellow with the Aspen Institute. Dr. Effiong is no stranger to public health risk communication having worked at the University of Michigan Risk Science Center and has produced over 60 publications. He also has more than 13 years of experience in the Nigerian health system. Prior to starting Risk Without Borders, Dr. Effiong spent 2 years as a research scientist with the University of Michigan School of Public Health. Before that, he had worked for six years as an Internist with several Nigerian hospitals including the University of Uyo Teaching hospital and General Hospital Umunnato where he carried out clinical duties, medical research, student/physician training, and health education for diabetic patients. Drawing on 21 years’ experience in healthcare, research, and risk communication, Dr. Effiong now focuses on creating an understanding of emerging global health risk issues from the perspective of a developing economy. He does this through his writing, interviews, and public speeches. His articles have been featured by the World Economic Forum, Scientific American, Business Insider, Huffington Post, and the Detroit Free Press. He has given several television, radio and magazine interviews and has spoken at various international fora. Most recently, he spoke at Exponential Medicine in San Diego and gave a TED talk in Berlin.

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